Spinal Fusion

Overview

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure that permanently joins two or more vertebrae to eliminate motion between them, providing stability and pain relief. Dr. Meza performs spinal fusion procedures for patients with spinal instability, spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease, deformities such as scoliosis, and fractures that compromise spinal alignment. The procedure involves placing bone graft material between the vertebrae, often supplemented with metal screws, rods, or cages (instrumentation) to hold the spine in proper alignment while the bone heals and fuses. Modern instrumentation and techniques have significantly improved fusion rates and reduced recovery times compared to earlier approaches.

Conditions Treated

• Spondylolisthesis
• Degenerative disc disease with instability
• Spinal fractures requiring stabilization
• Scoliosis and spinal deformities
• Recurrent disc herniation
• Failed previous decompression surgery
• Spinal tumors requiring reconstruction

Our Approach

Dr. Meza selects the fusion approach based on each patient's anatomy and pathology. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) are common approaches for the lower spine, while anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is used for neck conditions. The procedure involves preparing the vertebral surfaces, placing bone graft or a synthetic cage to promote bony union, and securing the construct with pedicle screws and rods. For appropriate candidates, minimally invasive techniques reduce muscle dissection and postoperative pain. Preoperative planning with CT and MRI ensures precise screw placement and optimal alignment.

What to Expect

Before surgery, Dr. Meza conducts a comprehensive evaluation including imaging review and discussion of your symptoms, lifestyle, and goals. The procedure typically takes 2 to 4 hours under general anesthesia. Hospital stays range from 2 to 4 days. You will be encouraged to walk within 24 hours of surgery, which promotes circulation and healing. During the first 6 to 8 weeks, activity restrictions protect the fusion as the bone heals. A back brace may be prescribed for additional support. Most patients experience significant pain improvement within 3 months, with the fusion fully maturing over 6 to 12 months. Follow-up X-rays monitor fusion progress.

References

1. Winn HR. Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2022. — Elsevier
2. North American Spine Society (NASS). Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines. — NASS